Common Problems and Solutions About Shandong Tuber Laser Cutting Machine:

1. Cutting and perforating technology

The heat, except that the heat can start from the edge of the board, is usually pierced through the board—a tiny hole. On a laser cutting machine without a punching device, there are two basic perforation methods:

 - Blasting - The material is continuously irradiated to form pits one, then one, and then quickly removed by the oxygen flow coaxial with the laser beam and the oxygen flow is in addition to melting. ,for. Thick, blasting is thicker, the blasting hole is larger, and the round ones are not round and not round. The tuber laer cutting machine should not be used for processing, which requires the air pressure of the workpiece to be consistent with that of cutting, and the leap is relatively large.

Pulse perforation - using a peak power pulse laser to melt or evaporate a small amount of material, usually using air or nitrogen as an auxiliary gas to reduce hole expansion caused by thermal oxidation, and the gas pressure is less than the oxygen pressure during cutting. Each pulse of the laser produces only small jets of particles that get progressively deeper, so it takes a few seconds to perforate a thick plate. Once the piercing is complete, cut with oxygen assist gas. The perforation diameter is smaller, and its perforation quality is better than blasting perforation. Therefore, the laser used should not only have high output power; more importantly, the time and space characteristics of the beam, so the general horizontal carbon dioxide laser cannot meet the requirements of laser cutting. In addition, pulse perforation also requires a more reliable gas path control system to realize the control of gas type, gas pressure switching and perforation time.

In the case of pulse perforation, attention should be paid to the transition technology from static pulse perforation of the workpiece to constant-speed continuous cutting of the workpiece to obtain high-quality incisions. Theoretically speaking, the cutting conditions in the acceleration section, such as focal length, nozzle position, gas pressure, etc., can usually be changed, but in fact, it is unlikely to change the above conditions because the time is too short. In industrial production, it is more realistic to change the average laser power. The specific method is to change the pulse width; change the pulse frequency; change the pulse width and frequency at the same time. The actual results show that the third effect is better.

2. Analyze the deformation of the cutting hole (small diameter, plate thickness)

This is because machine tools (only for high-power laser cutting machines) do not use blasting perforation when processing small holes, but pulse perforation (soft puncture), so that the laser energy is too concentrated in a small area, burning the non-processing area, and non-processing area, resulting in the deformation of the hole and affecting the processing quality. At this time, we should change the pulse piercing (soft piercing) mode to blasting piercing (normal piercing) mode to solve these problems. For less powerful laser cutters, pulse perforation should be used instead to achieve a better surface finish.

3. Solve the problem of workpiece burrs when laser cutting low carbon steel

According to the working and design principle of carbon dioxide laser cutting, the following reasons are analyzed as the main reasons for the burrs of the processed parts: the upper and lower positions of the laser focus are not correct, and the focus position needs to be tested and adjusted according to the offset of the focus; the laser output power is not enough and needs to be checked Whether the laser generator is working normally, if it is normal, observe whether the output value of the laser control button is correct, and adjust it; the cutting line speed is too slow, and the line speed needs to be increased during the operation control process; the purity of the cutting gas is not enough, it is necessary to provide high-quality Cutting working gas; laser focus offset, adjusted according to focus position; machine running time is unstable, need to be shut down and restarted.

4. Laser cutting processing of stainless steel and aluminum-zinc plates, analyzing the burrs of the workpiece

In the above cases, first consider the burr factor when cutting low-carbon steel, but you cannot simply increase the cutting speed, because increasing the speed sometimes causes the plate to be cut without wear, which is especially prominent when processing aluminum-zinc plates. At this time, other factors of the machine tool should be considered comprehensively, such as whether to replace the nozzle, unstable movement of the guide rail, etc.

5. Analyze the state of laser incomplete cutting through

After analysis, we can find that the following situations are the main cases of unstable processing: the selection of the laser head nozzle does not match the thickness of the processed plate; the laser cutting line speed is too fast, and the line speed needs to be controlled and reduced; If the focus position error is too large, it is necessary to re-check the nozzle sensing data, especially when cutting aluminum.